Learn how to install Laravel on Rocky Linux 9 with our step-by-step guide. Dive into the world of modern web development and harness the power of this popular PHP framework to build scalable and feature-rich web applications. #centlinux #linux #laravel
Table of Contents
What is Laravel?
Laravel is a free, open-source PHP web framework, created by Taylor Otwell and intended for the development of web applications following the model–view–controller (MVC) architectural pattern and based on Symfony. Some of the features of Laravel are a modular packaging system with a dedicated dependency manager, different ways for accessing relational databases, utilities that aid in application deployment and maintenance, and its orientation toward syntactic sugar. (Source: Wikipedia)
The source code of Laravel is hosted on GitHub and licensed under the terms of MIT License.
What is Laravel used for?
Laravel is a powerful and popular PHP framework used for building web applications. It offers a wide range of features and capabilities that make web development faster, more efficient, and more enjoyable. Here are some common uses of Laravel:
- Web Application Development: Laravel framework is primarily used for building web applications of all sizes and complexities. It provides a robust set of tools, including routing, middleware, controllers, views, and authentication, that streamline the development process and allow developers to focus on building features rather than boilerplate code.
- API Development: Laravel framework can be used for building RESTful APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) to provide data and functionality to other applications or services. Laravel’s built-in support for API authentication, resource controllers, and response formatting makes it well-suited for developing backend APIs.
- Content Management Systems (CMS): Laravel framework can be used as the foundation for building custom content management systems (CMS) and blogging platforms. Developers can leverage Laravel’s flexible routing, templating, and database management features to create custom CMS solutions tailored to specific requirements.
- E-commerce Platforms: Laravel framework can power e-commerce platforms and online stores, either through custom development or by using Laravel-based e-commerce packages and extensions. Laravel’s robustness, security features, and integration capabilities make it suitable for building scalable and secure e-commerce applications.
- Enterprise Applications: Laravel framework can be used for building enterprise-level applications, such as customer relationship management (CRM) systems, project management tools, and internal business applications. Laravel’s modular architecture, testing support, and extensibility make it well-suited for developing complex and scalable enterprise solutions.
- Real-Time Applications: Laravel framework can be used in conjunction with technologies like WebSockets and event broadcasting to build real-time applications, such as chat applications, live dashboards, and collaborative tools. Laravel’s event-driven architecture and support for real-time communication make it suitable for building reactive and interactive applications.
Overall, PHP Laravel is a versatile framework that can be used for a wide range of web development projects, from simple websites and blogs to complex enterprise applications and APIs. Its expressive syntax, rich feature set, and active community make it a popular choice among developers for building modern and scalable web applications.
Recommended Online Training: Laravel Blog Mastery: Build Your Stunning Blog in 1 Hour
Environment Specification:
We are using a minimally installed Rocky Linux 9 virtual machine with following specifications.
- CPU – 3.4 Ghz (2 cores)
- Memory – 2 GB
- Storage – 20 GB
- Operating System – Rocky Linux release 9.1 (Blue Onyx)
- Hostname – laravel-01.centlinux.com
- IP Address – 192.168.116.131/24
Prepare your Linux Server
Connect with your Rocky Linux server as root user by using a SSH client software.
Set a Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) for your Linux server by executing hostnamectl command.
# hostnamectl set-hostname laravel-01.centlinux.com
Edit /etc/hosts file by using vim text editor.
# vi /etc/hosts
Add following line in this file to setup name resolution for your server.
192.168.116.131 laravel-01 laravel-01.centlinux.com
Rebuild your cache for enabled yum repositories.
# dnf makecache
Execute following command to update software packages in your Linux operating system.
# dnf update -y
Sometimes, above command also updates your Linux Kernel. In such scenario, you should reboot your Linux operating system with newly installed Kernel.
# reboot
You may also need git and unzip commands during installation of PHP Composer, therefore, it is better to install them now.
# dnf install -y git unzip
Confirm the Linux Kernel and operating system versions that are being used in this tutorial.
# cat /etc/rocky-release Rocky Linux release 9.1 (Blue Onyx) # uname -r 5.14.0-162.6.1.el9_1.0.1.x86_64
Install PHP on Rocky Linux 9
In Rocky Linux 9, PHP 8.1 is available via standard yum repositories. Therefore, you can easily install it by using dnf command and there is no need to install EPEL or REMI yum repositories.
Check the available versions of PHP module in yum repository.
# dnf module list php Last metadata expiration check: 0:06:23 ago on Mon 26 Dec 2022 07:31:44 AM CST. Rocky Linux 9 - AppStream Name Stream Profiles Summary php 8.1 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled
Install PHP module by executing following command at Linux bash prompt.
# dnf module install -y php ... Installed: httpd-filesystem-2.4.53-7.el9.noarch libxslt-1.1.34-9.el9.x86_64 nginx-filesystem-1:1.20.1-13.el9.noarch oniguruma-6.9.6-1.el9.5.x86_64 php-cli-8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+13171+4883e0c8.x86_64 php-common-8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+13171+4883e0c8.x86_64 php-fpm-8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+13171+4883e0c8.x86_64 php-mbstring-8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+13171+4883e0c8.x86_64 php-xml-8.1.8-1.module+el9.1.0+13171+4883e0c8.x86_64 Complete!
Install PHP Composer on Rocky Linux 9
You may need PHP Composer to install Laravel Framework.
Download and install PHP Composer by executing following command at Linux bash prompt.
# cd /tmp # curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php All settings correct for using Composer Downloading... Composer (version 2.5.1) successfully installed to: /tmp/composer.phar Use it: php composer.phar
Rename and move the composer.phar file to location that is included in your PATH variable. So you can execute composer command from anywhere. Also set execution permissions of composer file.
# mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer # chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composer
Execute following command now, to check the PHP Composer version.
# composer -V Composer version 2.5.1 2022-12-22 15:33:54
How to install Laravel on Rocky Linux 9
Now you can download and install Laravel Framework and dependent libraries by using composer command.
# composer global require "laravel/installer" Changed current directory to /root/.config/composer Info from https://repo.packagist.org: #StandWithUkraine ./composer.json has been created Running composer update laravel/installer Loading composer repositories with package information Updating dependencies Lock file operations: 11 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals - Locking laravel/installer (v4.2.17) - Locking psr/container (2.0.2) - Locking symfony/console (v6.2.2) - Locking symfony/deprecation-contracts (v3.2.0) - Locking symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.27.0) - Locking symfony/polyfill-intl-grapheme (v1.27.0) - Locking symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer (v1.27.0) - Locking symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.27.0) - Locking symfony/process (v6.2.0) - Locking symfony/service-contracts (v3.2.0) - Locking symfony/string (v6.2.2) Writing lock file Installing dependencies from lock file (including require-dev) Package operations: 11 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals - Downloading symfony/process (v6.2.0) - Downloading symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.27.0) - Downloading symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer (v1.27.0) - Downloading symfony/polyfill-intl-grapheme (v1.27.0) - Downloading symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.27.0) - Downloading symfony/string (v6.2.2) - Downloading psr/container (2.0.2) - Downloading symfony/service-contracts (v3.2.0) - Downloading symfony/deprecation-contracts (v3.2.0) - Downloading symfony/console (v6.2.2) - Downloading laravel/installer (v4.2.17) - Installing symfony/process (v6.2.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-mbstring (v1.27.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-intl-normalizer (v1.27.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-intl-grapheme (v1.27.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/polyfill-ctype (v1.27.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/string (v6.2.2): Extracting archive - Installing psr/container (2.0.2): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/service-contracts (v3.2.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/deprecation-contracts (v3.2.0): Extracting archive - Installing symfony/console (v6.2.2): Extracting archive - Installing laravel/installer (v4.2.17): Extracting archive 6 package suggestions were added by new dependencies, use `composer suggest` to see details. Generating autoload files 9 packages you are using are looking for funding. Use the `composer fund` command to find out more! No security vulnerability advisories found Using version ^4.2 for laravel/installer
Composer downloads the Laravel framework and other libraries in ~/.config/composer/vendor/bin directory.
Therefore, to make laravel command executable from anywhere, you need to include this location in PATH variable.
# echo 'export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.config/composer/vendor/bin"' >> ~/.bash_profile
Execute .bash_profile once to load these changes.
# source ~/.bash_profile
Laravel Example: HelloWorld
Go to your home directory and create a new PHP Laravel project as follows.
# laravel new helloworld
_ _
| | | |
| | __ _ _ __ __ ___ _____| |
| | / _` | '__/ _` / / _ |
| |___| (_| | | | (_| | V / __/ |
|________,_|_| __,_| _/ ___|_|
Creating a "laravel/laravel" project at "./helloworld"
Installing laravel/laravel (v9.4.1)
- Downloading laravel/laravel (v9.4.1)
- Installing laravel/laravel (v9.4.1): Extracting archive
Created project in /root/helloworld
> @php -r "file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');"
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies
Lock file operations: 107 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
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Writing lock file
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- Installing league/flysystem (3.12.0): Extracting archive
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- Installing nette/schema (v1.2.3): Extracting archive
- Installing dflydev/dot-access-data (v3.0.2): Extracting archive
- Installing league/config (v1.2.0): Extracting archive
- Installing league/commonmark (2.3.8): Extracting archive
- Installing laravel/serializable-closure (v1.2.2): Extracting archive
- Installing laravel/framework (v9.45.1): Extracting archive
- Installing laravel/sail (v1.16.6): Extracting archive
- Installing laravel/sanctum (v3.0.1): Extracting archive
- Installing nikic/php-parser (v4.15.2): Extracting archive
- Installing psy/psysh (v0.11.10): Extracting archive
- Installing laravel/tinker (v2.7.3): Extracting archive
- Installing hamcrest/hamcrest-php (v2.0.1): Extracting archive
- Installing mockery/mockery (1.5.1): Extracting archive
- Installing filp/whoops (2.14.6): Extracting archive
- Installing nunomaduro/collision (v6.3.2): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/version (3.0.2): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/type (3.2.0): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/resource-operations (3.0.3): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/recursion-context (4.0.4): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/object-reflector (2.0.4): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/object-enumerator (4.0.4): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/global-state (5.0.5): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/exporter (4.0.5): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/environment (5.1.4): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/diff (4.0.4): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/comparator (4.0.8): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/code-unit (1.0.8): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/cli-parser (1.0.1): Extracting archive
- Installing phpunit/php-timer (5.0.3): Extracting archive
- Installing phpunit/php-text-template (2.0.4): Extracting archive
- Installing phpunit/php-invoker (3.1.1): Extracting archive
- Installing phpunit/php-file-iterator (3.0.6): Extracting archive
- Installing theseer/tokenizer (1.2.1): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/lines-of-code (1.0.3): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/complexity (2.0.2): Extracting archive
- Installing sebastian/code-unit-reverse-lookup (2.0.3): Extracting archive
- Installing phpunit/php-code-coverage (9.2.22): Extracting archive
- Installing phar-io/version (3.2.1): Extracting archive
- Installing phar-io/manifest (2.0.3): Extracting archive
- Installing myclabs/deep-copy (1.11.0): Extracting archive
- Installing doctrine/instantiator (1.4.1): Extracting archive
- Installing phpunit/phpunit (9.5.27): Extracting archive
- Installing spatie/backtrace (1.2.1): Extracting archive
- Installing spatie/flare-client-php (1.3.1): Extracting archive
- Installing spatie/ignition (1.4.1): Extracting archive
- Installing spatie/laravel-ignition (1.6.2): Extracting archive
70 package suggestions were added by new dependencies, use `composer suggest` to see details.
Generating optimized autoload files
> IlluminateFoundationComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump
> @php artisan package:discover --ansi
INFO Discovering packages.
laravel/sail .......................................................... DONE
laravel/sanctum ....................................................... DONE
laravel/tinker ........................................................ DONE
nesbot/carbon ......................................................... DONE
nunomaduro/collision .................................................. DONE
nunomaduro/termwind ................................................... DONE
spatie/laravel-ignition ............................................... DONE
81 packages you are using are looking for funding.
Use the `composer fund` command to find out more!
> @php artisan vendor:publish --tag=laravel-assets --ansi --force
INFO No publishable resources for tag [laravel-assets].
No security vulnerability advisories found
> @php artisan key:generate --ansi
INFO Application key set successfully.
INFO Application ready! Build something amazing.You have successfully created a new Laravel project.
Typically, you may use a web server such as Apache or Nginx to serve your Laravel applications. If you are on PHP 5.4+ and would like to use PHP’s built-in development server, you may use the serve Artisan command.
Artisan is the command line interface included with PHP Laravel framework. Artisan exists at the root of your application as the artisan script and provides a number of helpful commands that can assist you while you build your application.
Execute following command to check version of your Laravel Framework.
# cd helloworld/ # php artisan --version Laravel Framework 9.45.1
Execute the following command to start Laravel development server.
# php artisan serve --host=laravel-01.centlinux.com &
[1] 3571
INFO Server running on [http://laravel-01.centlinux.com:8000].
Press Ctrl+C to stop the server
Configure Linux Firewall
Artisan default service port is 8000/tcp. Therefore, you need to allow port in your Linux Firewall.
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=8000/tcp success # firewall-cmd --reload success
Open URL http://laravel-01.centlinux.com:8000/ in a web browser.
Your Laravel application server has been started successfully.
Read Also: How to install Laravel on Rocky Linux 8
Final Thoughts
Equip yourself with the skills to effortlessly install Laravel on Rocky Linux 9 with our comprehensive guide. Dive into the world of modern web development and unleash the power of this versatile PHP framework to bring your web application ideas to life. Let this tutorial be your starting point on the path to building scalable, secure, and feature-rich web applications. To start building some amazing application, you may read Laravel: Up & Running: A Framework for Building Modern PHP Apps 2nd Edition (PAID LINK) by Matt Stauffer.