Learn how to install OpenSearch on Rocky Linux 9 with our comprehensive guide. Discover the step-by-step process to set up this powerful open-source search and analytics engine, empowering your data exploration and analysis. #centlinux #linux #opensearch
Table of Contents
What is OpenSearch?
OpenSearch is a collection of technologies that allow for the integration of search functionality into web-based applications. It was created by Amazon in 2005 and has since become an open standard with contributions from various organizations. OpenSearch provides a standard format for representing search results, as well as a protocol for requesting and receiving search results.
OpenSearch is commonly used in web browsers and search engines, where it allows users to add custom search engines to their browser’s search bar. OpenSearch is also used in enterprise search systems, content management systems, and other applications where search functionality is important.
In addition to the OpenSearch format and protocol, there are also several related technologies that have been developed, including OpenSearch Description documents, which provide information about the search engine’s capabilities and behavior, and OpenSearch Query Syntax, which defines a standard syntax for search queries.
Elasticsearch vs Opensearch
Elasticsearch and OpenSearch are both powerful search and analytics engines, but they have some key differences:
Ownership and Governance:
- Elasticsearch: Elasticsearch was originally developed by Elastic NV (now known as Elastic), a company that provides commercial products and services around Elasticsearch. While Elasticsearch itself is open-source, some features and functionalities are proprietary to Elastic’s commercial offerings.
- OpenSearch: OpenSearch is a community-driven, open-source project forked from Elasticsearch and Kibana. It was created as a response to changes in the licensing model of Elasticsearch by Elastic. OpenSearch is governed by the OpenSearch community and offers a fully open-source alternative to Elasticsearch.
Licensing:
- Elasticsearch: Elasticsearch was originally released under the Apache 2.0 license. However, Elastic introduced a dual licensing model with the introduction of the Elastic License and the Server Side Public License (SSPL) for certain features, which led to concerns in the open-source community.
- OpenSearch: OpenSearch is released under the Apache 2.0 license, ensuring that it remains fully open-source and freely available for use, modification, and distribution by anyone.
Community Involvement:
- Elasticsearch: While Elasticsearch has a large and active community of users and contributors, the primary development and direction of the project are driven by Elastic.
- OpenSearch: OpenSearch is developed and maintained by a diverse community of contributors, including individuals, companies, and organizations. The project aims to foster a collaborative and transparent development process with input from the community.
Features and Compatibility:
- Elasticsearch: Elasticsearch offers a wide range of features for search, analytics, and data visualization. It has a mature ecosystem with support for various integrations and plugins.
- OpenSearch: OpenSearch inherits many features from Elasticsearch but also introduces new enhancements and improvements. It strives to maintain compatibility with Elasticsearch APIs and plugins while also introducing new features developed by the community.
In summary, Elasticsearch and OpenSearch share a common heritage but diverge in terms of ownership, licensing, community involvement, and features. The choice between them often depends on factors such as licensing preferences, community involvement, and specific feature requirements.
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We are using a minimal Rocky Linux 9 virtual machine with following specifications.
- CPU – 3.4 Ghz (2 cores)
- Memory – 4 GB
- Storage – 20 GB
- Operating System – Rocky Linux release 9.1 (Blue Onyx)
- Hostname – opensearch-01.centlinux.com
- IP Address – 192.168.116.128/24
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Prepare your Linux Server
Connect with your Linux server as root user, by using a ssh client.
Set a hostname and configure Local DNS Resolution for your Linux machine.
hostnamectl set-hostname opensearch-01.centlinux.com
echo "192.168.116.128 opensearch-01 opensearch-01.centlinux.com" >> /etc/hostsExecute dnf command to update your Linux operating system.
dnf update -yReboot your operating system, if the above command updates your Linux Kernel.
rebootNote down the Linux operating system and Kernel versions, that are being used in this tutorial.
cat /etc/rocky-release
uname -rOutput:
Rocky Linux release 9.1 (Blue Onyx)
5.14.0-162.23.1.el9_1.x86_64
To improve the performance of OpenSearch software, you need to disable the Linux swap memory.
Execute the following Linux commands to permanently disable swap memory.
sed -i '/ swap / s/^(.*)$/#1/g' /etc/fstab
swapoff -aCheck the status of swap memory.
free -mOutput:
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 3627 508 3089 8 254 3118
Swap: 0 0 0
Increase the value of Linux Kernel parameter: max_map_count
max_map_count is a Linux kernel parameter that defines the maximum count of mapped memory regions allowed in the system.
Check the current value of max_map_count parameter.
sysctl -a | grep max_map_countOutput:
vm.max_map_count = 65530
Execute following commands at Linux terminal to set max_map_count parameter and then reload the Linux Kernel parameters.
echo "vm.max_map_count=262144" >> /etc/sysctl.d/99-vm.conf
sysctl --systemNow, check the current value of max_map_count parameter again.
sysctl -a | grep max_map_countOutput:
vm.max_map_count = 262144
You will need wget command to download files from Internet. Therefore, install it now.
dnf install -y wget
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10% OffHow to install OpenSearch on Linux
OpenSearch software is available to download from their official website and through official yum repository.
Here, we are planning to install OpenSearch on Linux via yum repository.
Therefore, download and install OpenSearch yum repository by using wget command.
wget https://artifacts.opensearch.org/releases/bundle/opensearch/2.x/opensearch-2.x.repo -P /etc/yum.repos.d/Refresh yum cache by using dnf command.
dnf makecacheGet information about opensearch software packages.
dnf info opensearchOutput:
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:24 ago on Thu 20 Apr 2023 07:46:24 PM PKT.
Available Packages
Name : opensearch
Version : 2.6.0
Release : 1
Architecture : aarch64
Size : 672 M
Source : opensearch-2.6.0-1.src.rpm
Repository : opensearch-2.x
Summary : An open source distributed and RESTful search engine
URL : https://opensearch.org/
License : Apache-2.0
Description : OpenSearch makes it easy to ingest, search, visualize, and
: analyze your data For more information, see:
: https://opensearch.org/
Name : opensearch
Version : 2.6.0
Release : 1
Architecture : x86_64
Size : 675 M
Source : opensearch-2.6.0-1.src.rpm
Repository : opensearch-2.x
Summary : An open source distributed and RESTful search engine
URL : https://opensearch.org/
License : Apache-2.0
Description : OpenSearch makes it easy to ingest, search, visualize, and
: analyze your data For more information, see:
: https://opensearch.org/
You can see that, there are two packages of opensearch software i.e. one for x86 (32-bit) and other for x64 (64-bit) platforms.
Open Search GPG Key uses SHA1 hashing algorithm.
But, SHA1 has been deprecated in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 and RHEL 9 forks in favor of more secure hashing algorithms.
So, you will encounter some error messages, when trying to install OpenSearch on Linux 9.
Although, the default policy does not accept SHA1, but you can still workaround this issue by temporarily enabling the SHA1 support and after installing OpenSearch you can revert back to default hashing algorithm.
update-crypto-policies --set DEFAULT:SHA1
dnf install -y opensearch
update-crypto-policies --set DEFAULTEnable and start OpenSearch service.
systemctl enable --now opensearchCheck the status of OpenSearch service for any possible issues.
systemctl status opensearchOutput:
● opensearch.service - OpenSearch
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/opensearch.service; enabled; vendo>
Active: active (running) since Fri 2023-04-21 17:03:49 PKT; 40s ago
Docs: https://opensearch.org/
Main PID: 4952 (java)
Tasks: 70 (limit: 22962)
Memory: 1.2G
CPU: 1min 51.298s
CGroup: /system.slice/opensearch.service
└─4952 /usr/share/opensearch/jdk/bin/java -Xshare:auto -Dopensearc>
Apr 21 17:02:56 opensearch-01.centlinux.com systemd[1]: Starting OpenSearch...
Apr 21 17:03:10 opensearch-01.centlinux.com systemd-entrypoint[4952]: WARNING: >
Apr 21 17:03:10 opensearch-01.centlinux.com systemd-entrypoint[4952]: WARNING: >
Apr 21 17:03:49 opensearch-01.centlinux.com systemd[1]: Started OpenSearch.
OpenSearch service is running fine.
Now, edit OpenSearch configuration file by using vim text editor.
vi /etc/opensearch/opensearch.ymlLocate and set following directives in this file.
network.host: 192.168.116.128
discovery.type: single-node
plugins.security.disabled: falseEdit JVM (Java Virtual Machine) options by using vim text editor.
vi /etc/opensearch/jvm.optionsFind and set following directives therein.
-Xms2g
-Xmx2gRestart OpenSearch service to load new configurations.
systemctl restart opensearchOpenSearch service runs at default port 9200/tcp. Therefore, you need to allow it in your Linux Firewall to make your service accessible across the network.
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=9200/tcp
firewall-cmd --reloadVerify OpenSearch service by sending request to the server to confirm that OpenSearch is running. Note the use of –insecure flag, which is required because the TLS certificates are self-signed.
curl -X GET https://opensearch-01:9200 -u 'admin:admin' --insecureOutput:
{
"name" : "opensearch-01.centlinux.com",
"cluster_name" : "opensearch",
"cluster_uuid" : "xUAVHO7mQ5KBsdXnuXEi6w",
"version" : {
"distribution" : "opensearch",
"number" : "2.6.0",
"build_type" : "rpm",
"build_hash" : "7203a5af21a8a009aece1474446b437a3c674db6",
"build_date" : "2023-02-24T18:57:09.290618503Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "9.5.0",
"minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "7.10.0",
"minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "7.0.0"
},
"tagline" : "The OpenSearch Project: https://opensearch.org/"
}Similarly, query the plugins endpoint.
curl -X GET https://opensearch-01:9200/_cat/plugins?v -u 'admin:admin' --insecureOutput:
name component version
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-alerting 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-anomaly-detection 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-asynchronous-search 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-cross-cluster-replication 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-geospatial 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-index-management 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-job-scheduler 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-knn 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-ml 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-neural-search 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-notifications 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-notifications-core 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-observability 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-performance-analyzer 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-reports-scheduler 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-security 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-security-analytics 2.6.0.0
opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-sql
Install OpenSearch Dashboards
OpenSearch Dashboards is the default visualization tool for data in OpenSearch. It also serves as a user interface for many of the OpenSearch plugins, including security, alerting, Index State Management, SQL, and more.
OpenSearch Dashboards software is available via official yum repository. You can download and install this yum repository by executing following command at Linux terminal.
wget https://artifacts.opensearch.org/releases/bundle/opensearch-dashboards/2.x/opensearch-dashboards-2.x.repo -P /etc/yum.repos.d/Build cache for newly installed yum repositories.
dnf makecacheInstall OpenSearch Dashboards by using dnf command. You will encounter the SHA1 algorithm error again. But you can workaround this error by setting default policy to SHA1 and then revert it back after installation.
update-crypto-policies --set DEFAULT:SHA1
dnf install -y opensearch-dashboards
update-crypto-policies --set DEFAULTEnable and start OpenSearch Dashboards service.
systemctl enable --now opensearch-dashboardsVerify the status of OpenSearch Dashboards service.
systemctl status opensearch-dashboardsOutput:
● opensearch-dashboards.service - "OpenSearch Dashboards"
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/opensearch-dashboards.service; ena>
Active: active (running) since Fri 2023-04-21 18:08:39 PKT; 3min 13s ago
Main PID: 6344 (node)
Tasks: 11 (limit: 22962)
Memory: 163.4M
CPU: 18.091s
CGroup: /system.slice/opensearch-dashboards.service
└─6344 /usr/share/opensearch-dashboards/bin/../node/bin/node /usr/>
Apr 21 18:11:31 opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-dashboards[6344]: {"type>
Apr 21 18:11:33 opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-dashboards[6344]: {"type>
Apr 21 18:11:36 opensearch-01.centlinux.com opensearch-dashboards[6344]: {"type>
Edit OpenSearch Dashboards configuration file with the help of vim text editor.
vi /etc/opensearch-dashboards/opensearch_dashboards.ymlLocate and set following directives in this file.
server.host: 192.168.116.128
opensearch.hosts: [https://192.168.116.128:9200]
opensearch.ssl.verificationMode: none
opensearch.username: kibanaserver
opensearch.password: kibanaserverRestart OpenSearch Dashboards service to load configuration changes.
systemctl restart opensearch-dashboardsCheck the status of OpenSearch Dashboards service for any possible errors.
systemctl status opensearch-dashboardsOutput:
● opensearch-dashboards.service - "OpenSearch Dashboards"
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/opensearch-dashboards.service; ena>
Active: active (running) since Fri 2023-04-21 19:11:00 PKT; 1min 37s ago
Main PID: 6896 (node)
Tasks: 11 (limit: 22962)
Memory: 159.6M
CPU: 16.430s
CGroup: /system.slice/opensearch-dashboards.service
└─6896 /usr/share/opensearch-dashboards/bin/../node/bin/node /usr/>
Apr 21 19:11:09 opensearch-01.com opensearch-dashboards[6896]: {"type>
Apr 21 19:11:10 opensearch-01.com opensearch-dashboards[6896]: {"type>
Apr 21 19:11:11 opensearch-01.com opensearch-dashboards[6896]: {"type>
Allow OpenSearch Dashboards Default Port 5601/tcp in Linux firewall.
firewall-cmd --add-port=5601/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
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Open URL http://opensearch-01.centlinux.com:5601 in a web browser.
Login with default credentials i.e. kibanaserver/kibanaserver
You have reached at the Home page of OpenSearch Dashboard.
Video Tutorial
Final Thoughts
Embracing how to install OpenSearch on Rocky Linux 9, unleashes a world of possibilities for data exploration and analysis. With our detailed guide, navigating the setup process becomes seamless, empowering you to harness the full potential of this robust open-source search and analytics engine.
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FAQs
Q1: Can OpenSearch run on minimal Rocky Linux 9 installations without a GUI?
A1: Yes, OpenSearch is fully compatible with minimal Rocky Linux installations without a graphical interface, making it ideal for lightweight server environments.
Q2: How much disk space should I allocate for OpenSearch data storage?
A2: Allocate at least 20-30 GB of disk space for OpenSearch data to ensure smooth indexing and storage; this depends on your data volume and usage.
Q3: Is it necessary to configure firewall rules for OpenSearch on Rocky Linux?
A3: Yes, configuring firewall rules is important to allow traffic on OpenSearch’s default port (9200) while securing the server from unwanted access.
Q4: Can I run multiple OpenSearch nodes on the same Rocky Linux server for testing?
A4: Yes, you can run multiple OpenSearch nodes on a single Rocky Linux server by configuring unique ports and data directories for each node.
Q5: Does OpenSearch require Java installation on Rocky Linux 9?
A5: No, OpenSearch comes bundled with its own OpenJDK, so you do not need to install Java separately on Rocky Linux 9.
What’s Next
If you’re looking to truly master Elasticsearch, the Complete Guide to Elasticsearch by Bo Andersen is one of the most comprehensive online courses available. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced developer, this course walks you through everything from the basics to advanced concepts, with practical examples that make complex topics easier to understand.
It’s a perfect resource for anyone aiming to boost their search and analytics skills while staying competitive in today’s data-driven world. Enroll in the course here and start building expertise that will set you apart.
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