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How to install Podman on CentOS 8

Alaric Bird
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Learn how to install Podman on CentOS 8 with this comprehensive guide. Follow step-by-step instructions to setup Podman for efficient container management without a daemon. #centlinux #linux #docker

What is Podman?

In Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 8, the support for Docker has been removed. Whereas, a new containerization platform libpod (Podman’s Container Management Library) has been introduced in RHEL 8. Being an upstream fork, CentOS 8 also follows the same path.

Therefore, to setup a containerization platform in CentOS 8, we have to install podman (Pod Manager tool) and relevant packages on our server. Following are the CLI tools used in this new container platform.

In CentOS 8 yum repository, these tools are available separately in distinct packages as well as bundled in a common module:container-tools.

The best way to install all these tools is by using the container-tools module.

In this article, we will install Podman containers on CentOS 8 and then create and run a test container using new podman tool.

Read Also: Docker Alternatives: Podman Container and Buildah in Rocky Linux 9

How to install Podman on CentOS 8

Podman vs Docker: Choose the Best Containerization Tool

When comparing Podman and Docker containerization tools, it’s essential to consider their architectural differences, features, and specific use cases. Here’s a detailed comparison of Podman and Docker:

Podman

Overview:

Key Features:

Advantages:

Use Cases:

Docker

Overview:

Key Features:

Advantages:

Use Cases:

Summary

Podman:

Docker:

Both Podman and Docker have their strengths and are suited to different use cases. Podman excels in security and flexibility with its daemon-less, rootless architecture, while Docker offers a mature, comprehensive ecosystem with extensive tools and community support. Your choice between Podman and Docker will depend on your specific requirements, security considerations, and existing infrastructure.

Recommended Training: Docker for the Absolute Beginner – Hands On – DevOps from Mumshad Mannambeth

Linux Server Specification

We have provisioned virtual machine with minimally installed CentOS 8 with following specification.

Install Podman on CentOS 8

Connect with podman-01.centlinux.com using ssh as root user.

Build dnf cache using following command.

# dnf makecache
CentOS-8 - AppStream                            2.3 kB/s | 4.3 kB     00:01
CentOS-8 - Base                                 1.7 kB/s | 3.9 kB     00:02
CentOS-8 - Extras                               649  B/s | 1.5 kB     00:02
Metadata cache created.

Install container-tools module using dnf command.

# dnf install -y @container-tools

Podman and related containerization tools has been installed on CentOS 8.

Podman Commands Usage

Check Podman version.

# podman version
Version:       1.0.5
Go Version:    go1.11.6
OS/Arch:       linux/amd64

Search for an image using podman command.

# podman search alpine --filter is-official=true
INDEX       NAME                       DESCRIPTION                                       STARS   OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
docker.io   docker.io/library/alpine   A minimal Docker image based on Alpine Linux...   5937    [OK]

Pull an image from online registry.

# podman pull docker.io/library/alpine
Trying to pull docker.io/library/alpine...Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 63bc94deeb28: 2.65 MiB / 2.67 MiB [===============================]
Copying blob 63bc94deeb28: 2.67 MiB / 2.67 MiB [============================] 9s
Copying config c85b8f829d1f: 1.48 KiB / 1.48 KiB [==========================] 0s
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
c85b8f829d1f93a25fe91d2ce7dccf7ec723794873a77bb19623d38e926c788c

Show list of local podman images.

# podman images
REPOSITORY                 TAG      IMAGE ID       CREATED      SIZE
docker.io/library/alpine   latest   c85b8f829d1f   3 days ago   5.86 MB

Inspect the alpine Linux image for more details.

# podman inspect alpine
[
    {
        "Id": "c85b8f829d1f93a25fe91d2ce7dccf7ec723794873a77bb19623d38e926c788c",
        "Digest": "sha256:d371657a4f661a854ff050898003f4cb6c7f36d968a943c1d5cde0952bd93c80",
        "RepoTags": [
            "docker.io/library/alpine:latest"
        ],
        "RepoDigests": [
            "docker.io/library/alpine@sha256:d371657a4f661a854ff050898003f4cb6c7f36d968a943c1d5cde0952bd93c80"
        ],
        "Parent": "",
        "Comment": "",
        "Created": "2019-12-19T23:21:54.894824922Z",
        "Config": {
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/sh"
            ]
        },
        "Version": "18.06.1-ce",
        "Author": "",
        "Architecture": "amd64",
        "Os": "linux",
        "Size": 5859848,
        "VirtualSize": 5859848,
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Name": "overlay",
            "Data": {
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/6bc83681f1baa18776614f386dee8811f0063fab656870291bd7751e74a830f4/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/6bc83681f1baa18776614f386dee8811f0063fab656870291bd7751e74a830f4/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/6bc83681f1baa18776614f386dee8811f0063fab656870291bd7751e74a830f4/work"
            }
        },
        "RootFS": {
            "Type": "layers",
            "Layers": [
                "sha256:6bc83681f1baa18776614f386dee8811f0063fab656870291bd7751e74a830f4"
            ]
        },
        "Labels": null,
        "Annotations": {},
        "ManifestType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json",
        "User": "",
        "History": [
            {
                "created": "2019-12-19T23:21:54.731224548Z",
                "created_by": "/bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:c7d28fcb71c026d7956b381180e4792c8219b04904e726a9266322ef5b256df8 in / "
            },
            {
                "created": "2019-12-19T23:21:54.894824922Z",
                "created_by": "/bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh"]",
                "empty_layer": true
            }
        ]
    }
]

Create and run a container from alpine Linux image.

# podman run -it --rm alpine /bin/sh
/ # uname -a
Linux 299572d7599a 4.18.0-80.el8.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jun 4 09:19:46 UTC 2019 x86_64 Linux
/ # cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Alpine Linux"
ID=alpine
VERSION_ID=3.11.0
PRETTY_NAME="Alpine Linux v3.11"
HOME_URL="https://alpinelinux.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.alpinelinux.org/"
/ # exit

Run the alpine Linux container in detach mode.

# podman run -d alpine
85dcf6ee27b2ff57b480e6a9484d96129e775b4699390735ddc3f8366dd58737

Check list of recent containers.

# podman ps -a
CONTAINER ID  IMAGE                            COMMAND  CREATED             STATUS                         PORTS  NAMES
f6cc375e3476  docker.io/library/alpine:latest  /bin/sh  6 seconds ago       Exited (0) 6 seconds ago              heuristic_montalcini
f3de35c18d7d  docker.io/library/alpine:latest  /bin/sh  About a minute ago  Exited (0) About a minute ago         stoic_goodall
85dcf6ee27b2  docker.io/library/alpine:latest  /bin/sh  6 minutes ago       Exited (0) 6 minutes ago              sad_benz

Remove a container.

# podman container rm f6cc375e3476
f6cc375e3476758431f2c7a9447b53c08fdaa0171f96bdd63212356b8eafb90c

Remove all containers.

# podman container rm $(podman ps -a -q)
f3de35c18d7d54da9f97497db78e8a4f436b885b1c79765dcc1f847af2a0661a
85dcf6ee27b2ff57b480e6a9484d96129e775b4699390735ddc3f8366dd58737

Remove an image.

# podman rmi docker.io/library/alpine
c85b8f829d1f93a25fe91d2ce7dccf7ec723794873a77bb19623d38e926c788c

If you have worked with Docker, you may have observed that the command syntax of podman is exactly same as of docker. Podman is also fully compatible with Docker images.

Final Thoughts

Installing Podman on CentOS 8 is a straightforward process that opens up powerful container management capabilities without the need for a central daemon. By following the steps in this guide, you can quickly set up Podman and start managing your containers efficiently, taking advantage of its security features and compatibility with Docker.

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FAQs

1. What is Podman, and how is it different from Docker?
Podman is an open-source container management tool that allows users to run, manage, and deploy containers without requiring a daemon. Unlike Docker, Podman operates in a rootless mode, enhancing security by running containers without root privileges.

2. What are the prerequisites for installing Podman on CentOS 8?
Before installing Podman, ensure your CentOS 8 system is updated and has EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) and the required dependencies installed.

3. How can I verify if Podman is installed correctly?
After installation, you can check the Podman version using a system command. Running a test container with Podman will also confirm that it is functioning properly.

4. Can Podman run Docker containers?
Yes, Podman is Docker-compatible and can run existing Docker container images. You can use Docker Hub or custom registries to pull and run images just like Docker.

5. How do I manage containers and images with Podman?
Podman provides CLI commands similar to Docker for running, stopping, listing, and removing containers. It also supports pod-based container management, allowing users to group multiple containers under a single pod.

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