Learn how to install Windows 10 over PXE Linux server with this comprehensive guide. Follow step-by-step instructions to set up and deploy Windows 10 seamlessly over your network. #centlinux #linux #pxe
Table of Contents
Problem Statement
In our previous posts, we have configured a PXE boot server for automated installation of RHEL 7.5 operating system that supports both BIOS and UEFI based clients. Later on, we added RHEL 6 and Ubuntu 18.10 installation options in our PXE boot server. We have also written Kickstart files for automated installations of both operating systems.
Before concluding our PXE configuration series, we decided to write an article to add the installation option of a Microsoft’s operating system. Therefore, we have selected the Microsoft Windows 10 (the latest OS at the time of this writeup) as the candidate for our PXE boot server.
Note: In this article, we are performing everything from CLI, therefore, it is highly recommended that, you should have Linux Pocket Guide: Essential Commands (PAID LINK) by O’Reilly Media for quick reference.
Linux Server Specification
In this article, we will install Windows 10 over PXE Server.
We use the same Linux server that we have configured as PXE Boot Server in our previous article. These specifications have been re-mentioned below for convenience of the readers.
- CPU – 2 Core (2.4 Mhz)
- Memory – 2 GB
- Storage – 50 GB
- Operating System – RHEL 7.5
- Hostname – pxe-server.itlab.com
- IP Address – 192.168.116.41/24
Furthermore, we need a client system to create Windows PE iso file. Here, we are using a MS Windows 8.1 machine for this purpose, however, you can use other versions of MS Windows as well (be noted that configurations are slightly different in MS Windows versions prior to 8.1).
Read Also: How to install Linux over PXE Server
Install Samba Server on Linux
We used Samba server to share installation media of MS Windows 10 Operating System with PXE clients.
Connect to pxe-server.itlab.com using ssh and install Samba server.
# yum install -y samba
Create a directory to share Windows 10 installation media.
# mkdir /smbshare
Adjust SELinux permissions.
# semanage fcontext -a '/smbshare(/.*)?' -t samba_share_t # restorecon -Rv /smbshare
Create an user to control access to Samba share.
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin ahmer # smbpasswd -a ahmer
Change owner of the shared directory with user ahmer.
# chown ahmer:ahmer /smbshare/
Allow Samba service in Linux Firewall.
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=samba success # firewall-cmd --reload success
Add directives in /etc/samba/smb.conf to share the directory /smbshare with clients.
# cat >> /etc/samba/smb.conf << EOF > [install] > comment = Installation Media > path = /smbshare > public = yes > writable = no > printable = no > browseable = yes > EOF
Start and enable Samba services.
# systemctl start smb nmb # systemctl enable smb nmb
Attach MS Windows 10 ISO/DVD and mount it at /mnt/iso (you can use any mountpoint, according to your choice).
# mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/iso mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
Copy contents of /mnt/iso to /smbshare/windows10 directory.
# cp -rf /mnt/iso /smbshare/windows10
Create a Customized Windows PE ISO
Connect to MS Windows 8.1 client.
We required Windows ADK (Assessment and Deployment Kit) to create our Windows PE iso. Therefore, we have downloaded it from Microsoft’s website and installed it on our Windows 8.1 client.
After installation, run Deployment and Imaging Tools Environment as Administrator.
Run the following command to create working directories for Win PE. (Command output has been trimmed to show only success status)
C:Program Files (x86)Windows Kits8.0Assessment and Deployment KitWindows Pr
einstallation Environment> copype x86 c:WinPE_x86
---
186 File(s) copied
1 file(s) copied.
1 file(s) copied.
1 file(s) copied.
Success
c:WinPE_x86>
We will customize the startup script startcmd.net, so MS Windows 10 setup will start automatically. Therefore, mount the image file and customize it accordingly.
c:WinPE_x86> Dism /Mount-Image /ImageFile:"c:WinPE_x86mediasourcesboot.wim" /index:1 /MountDir:"c:WinPE_x86mount" Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool Version: 6.2.9200.16384 Mounting image [==========================100.0%==========================] The operation completed successfully.
Now, edit startnet.cmd.
c:WinPE_x86> notepad c:WinPE_x86mountWindowsSystem32Startnet.cmd
And add following lines therein.
wpeinit net use z: \192.168.116.41installwindows10 /user:ahmer 123 z:setup.exe
Save and unmount the image file.
c:WinPE_x86> Dism /Unmount-Image /MountDir:"c:WinPE_x86mount" /commit Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool Version: 6.2.9200.16384 Saving image [==========================100.0%==========================] Unmounting image [==========================100.0%==========================] The operation completed successfully. c:WinPE_x86>
Generate winpe.iso file.
c:WinPE_x86> MakeWinPEMedia /ISO c:WinPE_x86 c:winpe.iso Creating c:winpe.iso... 100% complete Success c:WinPE_x86>
Transfer winpe.iso file to pxe-server-itlab.com and copy it to /var/lib/tftpboot/networkboot/windows10/ directory.
Add MS Windows 10 installation option to PXE boot menu
Now, connect to pxe-server.itlab.com again using ssh.
Copy Kernel boot image for MS Windows in tftpboot directory.
# cp /usr/lib/syslinux/memdisk /var/lib/tftpboot/
Edit PXE boot menu for BIOS based clients.
# vi /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
And add following menu option at the end of file.
label Install MS Windows 10 menu label Install MS Windows 10 kernel memdisk initrd /networkboot/windows10/winpe.iso append iso raw
Connect a new client to your network and turn it on. It should get the IP address from DHCP server and display our PXE boot Menu as follows:
Select Install MS Windows 10 option and press <ENTER>.
We have successfully added the MS Windows 10 installation option in our Linux based PXE server.
Recommended Online Training: Learn Bash Shell in Linux for Beginners
Final Thoughts
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